|
 It is especially difficult with light in winter, when the natural illumination of plants is sometimes only 1/50 or even 1/100 of the illumination on a clear summer day and may be below the minimum allowable. Light is a source of photosynthesis, and therefore it is important, even under these conditions, to provide the correct light regime for such plants in order to preserve their vital activity.
Solar radiation reaches the earth's surface in the form of ultraviolet and infrared rays. Plants use the energy of these rays for photosynthesis, which is the basis of their development and normal life. Thus, lighting fixtures capable of emitting light of the appropriate spectrum are necessary for artificial lighting of indoor plants.
It is equally important that these devices emit light of the required intensity, at which optimal illumination of indoor plants... It has been found that an increase in illumination has a beneficial effect on the life of plants. However, it should be borne in mind that too intense light, which creates an illumination of more than 60 thousand lux on the soil surface, causes leaf burns, which retards plant growth.
Manufacturers of electric light sources have developed and are producing special lamps designed to illuminate plants that are grown in greenhouses. These are vegetables on greenhouse plantations, and winter gardens on the balconies, and several flowerpots on the windowsill, and even one single violet in a modest ceramic pot. It's just that one such lamp is enough for a violet, and hundreds of them are used in greenhouses.
Fluorescent lamps
The championship among lamps, which are popular with amateurs and professionals, is held by fluorescent lamps. First of all, these lamps are very economical and durable (their service life reaches 15 and even 20 thousand hours). In addition, they emit light whose spectrum is very close to optimal. The illumination of such lamps can be most effective if special plant lamps are used for this purpose. The maximum radiation in the spectrum of these lamps comes to blue and red light. Therefore, they are suitable for creating the required light regime even for those plants that are planted in closed rooms, completely devoid of artificial lighting.
To provide the necessary illumination, it is recommended to use lamps not one by one, but in groups in special lighting installations. A fairly simple home solution for plants that cover an area of about 2 square meters. m, it may turn out to be an ordinary raster lamp for four 18 W tubular fluorescent lamps. If such a lamp is installed at a height of half a meter above the plants, it will provide them with sufficient illumination for normal development. Obviously, several of these luminaires can be used for green plantations and larger areas.
Incandescent lamps
For supplementary lighting of indoor plants (to extend daylight hours), you can use incandescent lamps. The spectrum of their radiation is very close to natural, and the relatively high energy intensity does not play a decisive role, since the lamps for illumination are switched on only for 2-3 hours a day.
However, the most economical solution here would be to use incandescent reflective lamps, which have a mirror layer on the bulb that reflects light in a given direction. These lamps can be used without luminaires by replacing them with conventional E27 sockets. One such lamp with a power of 100 W, installed at a height of 2 m, is capable of providing illumination of at least 100 lux for plants planted on an area of 3x3 m. For these purposes, special incandescent lamps are also produced today.
Denisov V.
|
